Historical Markers and War Memorials in Southwest Washington, District of Columbia

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Historical Markers and War Memorials in Southwest Washington, District of Columbia

Washington and Vicinity

Washington (2607)  ►
ADJACENT TO WASHINGTON
Montgomery County, Maryland (751)  ►
Prince George's County, Maryland (644)  ►
Alexandria, Virginia (378)  ►
Arlington County, Virginia (461)  ►
Fairfax County, Virginia (709)  ►

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1 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Bellevue — Fort Greble — Civil War Defenses of Washington — 1861-1865 —

Earthworks of Fort Greble are visible beyond this exhibit. Fort Greble was named in honor of Lt. John T. Greble, slain at the Battle of Big Bethel, June 10, 1861, the first U.S. Military Academy graduate killed in the Civil War. — — Map (db m40866) HM

2 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Bellevue — Original Federal Boundary Stone, District of Columbia, Southeast 9 —

Jurisdiction of the United States Miles 9 291 P 1792 Maryland Var 0⁰ 37’ E — — Map (db m154797)

3 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Capitol Hill — O Say Can You See — Patrick Dougherty, October 2019 — Siberian elm, Norway maple, cherry hybrids, willow — Reported permanently removed

In celebration of the 200th anniversary of the U.S. Botanic Garden's original 1820 charter, the Garden has collaborated with renowned artist Patrick Dougherty to create a custom sculpture to stand throughout the 2020 celebratory year. Over three . . . — — Map (db m198328) HM

4 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Capitol Hill — Capitol Square — Historical Information —

1 Summerhouse Constructed in 1879-1880 , the Summerhouse offers visitors a shaded place to rest, admire views of the Capitol, and have a drink of water. Olmstead's principal architectural assistant Thomas Wisedell, was the designer. The . . . — — Map (db m111468) HM

5 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Capitol Hill — Capitol Square — Historical Information —

General Plan for the Improvement of the U.S. Capitol Grounds by Frederick Law Olmsted, 1874 Following the extension of the Capitol in the 1850s-1860s, the grounds were enlarged in 1872. In 1874 Congress commissioned Frederick Law Olmsted to . . . — — Map (db m186859) HM

6 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Capitol Hill — Capitol Square, SW — Historical Information —

U.S. Botanic Garden Architecture by Bennett, Parsons & Frost, 1933 Easily recognized by the sparkling glass dome of its Conservatory, the U.S. Botanic Garden, overlooking the National Mall, is located near the U.S. Capitol. Visitors . . . — — Map (db m110445) HM

7 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Capitol Hill — Capitol Square, SW — Historical Information —

The Peace Monument By Franklin Simmons, 1878 The Peace Monument, also called the Naval Monument, was erected to commemorate the naval deaths at sea during the Civil War. At the top of the 44-foot monument, Grief, sometimes called . . . — — Map (db m110449) HM

8 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Capitol Hill — Citrus —

More than 4,000 years ago, before domestication, citrus was so acidic it couldn't be eaten. Modern citrus varieties are the result of thousands of years of selection from the wild and selective breeding. Lemons, oranges, grapefruits, and Persian . . . — — Map (db m226457) HM

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9 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Capitol Hill — Cranberry Bog — Massachusetts, United States, North America —

Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) is native to swamps and bogs of northeastern North America. When the berries are ready to harvest, the yields are flooded and the fruit are gently knocked into the water before being corralled and . . . — — Map (db m211436) HM

10 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Capitol Hill — Grains —

African people have long cultivated a diversity of grains well adapted to their climates, including African rice (Oryza glaberrima). Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), or great millet, is used for both human food and animal feed, and its . . . — — Map (db m226456) HM

11 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Capitol Hill — James A. Garfield —

(Front):James A. Garfield 1831 - 1881 (Left):Major General USV, Member of Congress, Senator and President of the United States of America. (Right):Erected by his comrades of the Society of the Army of the Cumberland May 12 . . . — — Map (db m18602) HM

12 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Capitol Hill — Medicinal Natives —

Here you can see plants that Native Americans used to treat wounds, illnesses, and medical disorders. See if you can find these in the garden:

Hercules'-club (Zanthoxylum clava-herculis) Known informally as the . . . — — Map (db m226458) HM

13 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Capitol Hill — Onion Farm — Mexico, North America —

The chinampas or "floating gardens" of Xochimilco, a borough of Mexico City, have been an important element of local agricultural practices since Aztec times. These islands were built by farmers by bringing up mud from the lake bottom, developing . . . — — Map (db m211438) HM

14 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Capitol Hill — Potato Farm and Machu Picchu — Peru, South America —

Andean farmers grow many different types of potatoes (Solanum tuberosum). Incas in Peru have built farm terraces for hundreds of years. Terraces allow for growing on very steep terrain and help to conserve water. The stone walls retain . . . — — Map (db m211437) HM

15 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Capitol Hill — Power from the Wind — Sustainable Solutions: Residential Wind Turbines — Reported permanently removed

This Skystream 3.7 residential turbine is a new generation of wind generator that hooks directly to your home to reduce or eliminate your monthly electric bill. It’s designed to provide quiet, clean electricity in very low winds. How can a wind . . . — — Map (db m49642) HM

16 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Capitol Hill — Power from the Wind — Sustainable Solutions: Residential Wind Turbines — Reported permanently removed

You are looking at a Windspire, a vertical-axis wind turbine that generates electricity from wind power. This model produces about 2,000 kWh of electricity a year in an area with average wind speeds of 12 mph (about ¼ the needs of the average . . . — — Map (db m49643) HM

17 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Capitol Hill — The National Garden Takes Root — 10th Anniversary — National Garden —

In 1986 President Ronald Reagan signed legislation creating the rose as the national floral emblem for the United States. Plans then got underway to find a site to showcase roses in the nation's capital. The U.S. Botanic Garden (USBG) was . . . — — Map (db m110456) HM

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18 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Capitol Hill — Ulysses S. Grant Memorial — National Mall and Memorial Parks — National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior — Reported missing

“Although a soldier by profession, I have never felt any sort of fondness for war, and I have never advocated it, except as a means of peace,” General Ulysses S. Grant. Hiram Ulysses Grant, mistakenly listed as Ulysses Simpson . . . — — Map (db m29459) HM

19 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Capitol Hill — United States Botanic Garden — Directory —

The United States Botanic Garden (USBG), established by the Congress in 1820 is one of the oldest botanic gardens in North America. It is a living plant museum dedicated to demonstrating the aesthetic, cultural, economic, . . . — — Map (db m110451) HM

20 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Capitol Hill — What Kind of Rose Is That? — Roses of the Mid-Atlantic —

Gardeners classify roses into groups reflecting the history of their cultivation: wild, old garden, and modern. Wild roses have flourished in nature for millions of years. Roses cultivated before 1867 are known as old garden roses–or . . . — — Map (db m226459) HM

21 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Columbia Island — "Where flowers bloom, so does hope" — Claudia Alta Taylor “Lady Bird” Johnson — Lady Bird Johnson Park - George Washington Memorial Parkway —

First Lady Claudia Alta Taylor Johnson, known as Lady Bird, is famous for her nationwide beautification initiatives. When she served as First Lady from 1963 to 1969, she championed legislation concerning pollution, conservation, urban renewal, . . . — — Map (db m181397) HM

22 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Columbia Island — A Bridge for the Future — George Washington Memorial Parkway — National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior —

For the past six years, the NPS has been making temporary repairs to the bridge while planning a full rehabilitation. In February 2016, the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) informed the NPS that despite these emergency repairs, without a . . . — — Map (db m140994) HM

23 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Columbia Island — A Symbol of Reconciliation — George Washington Memorial Parkway — National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior —

On one side of Arlington Memorial Bridge stands the columned portico of Arlington House, the pre-Civil war home of Robert E. Lee. In that home, Lee made his decision to resign the US Army commission. He became the commanding general of Confederate . . . — — Map (db m142185) HM

24 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Columbia Island — An Engineering Marvel — George Washington Memorial Parkway — National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior —

In addition to being regarded as Washington's most beautiful bridge, Arlington Memorial Bridge was an engineering marvel when it opened. The bridge was originally designed by Joseph B. Strauss as a drawbridge, and has a large bascule span that . . . — — Map (db m150817) HM

25 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Columbia Island — Architect of the Great Society — George Washington Memorial Parkway — Lyndon Baines Johnson Memorial Grove —

"Yesterday is not ours to recover, but tomorrow is ours to win or lose." - Lyndon Baines Johnson

The Lyndon Baines Johnson Memorial Grove on the Potomac is a living memorial, surrounded by a grove of white . . . — — Map (db m181395) HM

26 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Columbia Island — Building a Beautiful Bridge — George Washington Memorial Parkway — National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior —

Completed in 1932, Arlington Memorial Bridge was built in a neoclassical style and extended Pierre L'Enfant's (1754-1825) original plans for the District of Columbia. The bridge was designed by the prominent architectural firm of McKim, Mead and . . . — — Map (db m150819) HM

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27 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Columbia Island — First Bloom — Lady Bird Johnson Park — George Washington Memorial Parkway — Reported missing

”To me beautification means our total concern for the physical and human quality we pass on to our children and the future.” - Lady Bird Johnson

When kids connect with national parks, the result is . . . — — Map (db m53699) HM

28 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Columbia Island — Navy and Marine Memorial — Dedicated to Americans Lost at Sea —

In war and in peace, in commerce and in travel, in rescue and discovery, in fisheries and in research, this nation has forged a bond with and a dependence on the sea. This monument of waves and gulls memorializes our national life at sea. It is . . . — — Map (db m5108) HM

29 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Columbia Island — The Boundary Channel — George Washington Memorial Parkway — National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior — Reported permanently removed

England's King Charles I granted the entire Potomac River to Maryland in 1632. Four centuries later Maryland, Virginia, and the District of Columbia were still arguing over their mutual boundary. Alexander's Island was one controversial site. It . . . — — Map (db m181396) HM

30 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Columbia Island — The Memorial Grove — A Living Legacy — Lady Bird Johnson Park —

"This strip of land will always be a special place for me… It appears at the moment when you come over a rise and look down into the Potomac Valley and see the capital spread out with its great monuments." - Claudia Alta . . . — — Map (db m181393) HM

31 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Columbia Island — Tomorrow is ours to win or lose — Lyndon Baines Johnson Memorial Grove on the Potomac — National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior — Reported permanently removed

Today, we proclaim our refusal to be strangled by the wastes of Civilization. Today, we begin to be the masters of our environment. Lyndon B. Johnson at the signing of the Water Quality Act of 1965

. . . — — Map (db m181394) HM

32 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, East Potomac Park — Cuban Friendship Urn —

Smaller plaque on the urn El recuerdo del “Maine” tendrá eterna duración durante los siglos los lazos de la amistad entre la tierra de Cuba y la tierra de los Estados Unidos de Norte América. —Gerardo Machado Plaque . . . — — Map (db m7871) HM

33 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, East Potomac Park — Defender of Liberty — George Mason Memorial, National Mall and Memorial Parks — National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior — Reported permanently removed

“I … looked forward to v Independence, … and will risque the last Penny of my Fortune and the last Drop of my Blood upon the Issue.” George Mason, 1778.

George Mason belonged to the genteel . . . — — Map (db m111346) HM

34 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, East Potomac Park — East Potomac's Miniature Golf Course — 970 Ohio Drive Southwest —

East Potomac's Miniature Golf Course listed in the National Register of Historic Places as part of the East and West Potomac Parks Historic District by the United States Department of Interior Visitors enjoy . . . — — Map (db m190285) HM

35 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, East Potomac Park — Engineering a Landmark — Hains Point, National Mall & Memorial Parks, Washington, D.C. — National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior — Reported damaged

You stand on a part of the Potomac River once marred by unattractive, putrid mudflats. Hains Point forms just a part of the over 700-acre Potomac Park created in the 1880s from 12 million cubic yards of dredged river sediments. It is named for . . . — — Map (db m65660) HM

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36 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, East Potomac Park — Forgotten Founder — National Mall and Memorial Parks, George Mason Memorial — National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior —

"All men are born equally free and independent. And have certain inherent natural rights... among which are the enjoyment of life and liberty, with the means of acquiring and possessing property, pursuing and obtaining happiness and . . . — — Map (db m111342) HM

37 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, East Potomac Park — George Mason — 1725 - 1792 — Author of America's First Bill of Rights —

This was George Mason, a man of the first order of wisdom among those who acted on the theatre of the revolution of expansive mind, profound judgment, cogent in argument.... Thomas Jefferson, 1821 Regarding slavery:… That slow . . . — — Map (db m178028) HM

38 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, East Potomac Park — The Line of Duty — United States Park Police — National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior —

The building in front of you serves as headquarters for the United States Park Police. Created by President George Washington in 1791, the U.S. Park Police functions as a unit of the National Park Service with jurisdiction in all parks. U.S. Park . . . — — Map (db m65403) HM

39 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Fort McNair — Building 20, Grant Hall —

In 1829, the Federal Penitentiary was built on this site. Designed by Charles Bulfinch, the Architect of the Capitol, the Penitentiary was influenced by the prison reform movement of the 1820s. In 1831, an eastern extension to the building added a . . . — — Map (db m64922) HM

40 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Fort McNair — General Ulysses S. Grant, USA —

General Ulysses S. Grant was born on April 27, 1822 in Point Pleasant, Ohio. The future commanding general of all U. S. Armies during the Civil War, Grant graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1843, then was commissioned a Brevet 2nd . . . — — Map (db m169020) HM

41 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Fort McNair — Lincoln Assassination Trial — Site of Lincoln Conspirators Gallows —

On April 14, 1865 John Wilkes Booth (of Maryland) assassinated President Abraham Lincoln at Fords Theater in downtown Washington. Booth's conspirators were arrested and tried by a Military Court here in Building 20 from May 9 to June 30, 1865. One . . . — — Map (db m29740) HM

42 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Fort McNair — Women War Workers 1861 - 1865 —

During the Civil War the Washington Arsenal was both the largest Federal arsenal and the one closest for shipping its war materials to the various fighting fronts in Virginia. Here thousands of caissons and limbers, wagons and ambulances, cannon . . . — — Map (db m29739) HM

43 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Joint Base Anacostia-Bolling (JBAB) — "The Gun" — Hontoria 140 mm. —

This Hontoria 140 mm. (5.9 in.) naval gun was taken from the Spanish cruiser Almirante Oquendo following her capture at the Battle of Santiago de Cuba on 3 July 1898 during the Spanish-American War. Almirante Oquendo, of the Infanta Maria . . . — — Map (db m63901) HM

44 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Joint Base Anacostia-Bolling (JBAB) — Bolling Air Force Base —

[Panel 1]: Old Bolling Field 1917 - Survey for the site of a military flying field to be used for defense of Washington and for proficiency flying. Captain William "Billy" Mitchell, commander of Army Signal Corps Aeronautics . . . — — Map (db m63896) HM

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45 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Joint Base Anacostia-Bolling (JBAB) — In Memory of Col. Raynal C. Bolling —

[Panel No. 1]: "Whatever happens to me will be the result of action, not inaction or drift." Bolling [Panel No. 2]: On April 7, 1917, the day after President Wilson's . . . — — Map (db m63899) HM

46 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Joint Base Anacostia-Bolling (JBAB) — Republic F-105D Thunderchief —

This aircraft, of a type used extensively in Southeast Asia air operations, is dedicated to all the courageous airmen who gave their lives in honor during that conflict. — — Map (db m63898) HM

47 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Joint Base Anacostia-Bolling (JBAB) — T-28 Trojan —

Dedicated to Pilots, Crew, and Maintenance Personnel who served at Anacostia Naval Air Station — — Map (db m63900) HM

48 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Federal Center — "Southwest Waterfront Footbridge" —

Built in 2004 as part of Mandarin Oriental, Washington D.C.'s development, this footbridge, connecting the hotel to Washington's Southwest Waterfront, was named and dedicated through a community-wide contest with The Washington Examiner in . . . — — Map (db m135434) HM

49 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Federal Center — Family Group — 1940 — granite —

Emma Lou Davis' Family Group depicts a father taking leave of his wife and child to go to work. Davis captured the couple at an affectionate moment and portrayed each figure with a sign of their day's labor—a lunch pail for the man and a . . . — — Map (db m227343) HM

50 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Federal Center — Railroad Employment — 1941 — granite —

Robert Kittredge (b. 1910, Cairo, Egypt - d. 2003, Oak Creek Canyon, Arizona)

Railroad Employment captures the physically demanding and relentless pace of work in a 1930s steam engine cab. In the . . . — — Map (db m227320) HM

51 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Federal Center — Railroad Retirement — 1941 — granite —

Robert Kittredge (b. 1910, Cairo, Egypt - d. 2003, Oak Creek Canyon, Arizona)

In 1935, Congress passed the Railroad Retirement Act, providing unemployment insurance and pensions for America's railway workers, . . . — — Map (db m227330) HM

52 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Federal Center — The Benefits of Social Security — 1941 — granite —

Henry Kreis (b. 1899, Essen, Germany - d. 1963, Essex, Connecticut)

This bas relief carving is one of a pair, the first of which stands above the building's Independence Avenue entrance and features a recently . . . — — Map (db m227341) HM

53 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Federal Center — The Growth of Social Security — 1941 — granite —

Henry Kreis (b. 1899, Essen, Germany - d. 1963, Essex, Connecticut)

Henry Kreis' The Growth of Social Security is an allegory for the founding of federal social services in America. Two men clasp hands in . . . — — Map (db m227346) HM

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54 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Federal Center — Unemployment Compensation — 1940 — granite —

Emma Lou Davis (b. 1905, Indianapolis, Indiana - d. 1988, San Diego, California)

In the wake of the Great Depression, one of the chief causes of insecurity was the threat of unemployment. To address this social . . . — — Map (db m227345) HM

55 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Federal Center — 9/11 Memorial —

In memory of the lives lost in the attack on America September 11, 2001 — — Map (db m110061) WM

56 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Federal Center — A Historic Landscape — United States Botanic Garden —

Created in 1932, Bartholdi Park is named after Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi, the sculptor of the historic Fountain of Light and Water located at its center. Bartholdi is best known for designing the Statue of Liberty. The beds in . . . — — Map (db m110435) HM

57 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Federal Center — American Veterans Disabled For Life Memorial —

Each of you bears upon his body the permanent, honorable scars of dangerous service: service rendered in order that our great nation might continue to live according to the expressed will of its own citizens. Dwight D. Eisenhower . . . — — Map (db m110434) WM

58 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Federal Center — Bartholdi Fountain —

The Fountain of Light and Water was designed by Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi for the 1876 Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia, PA. The namesake of Bartholdi Park is best known for designing the Statue of Liberty (Liberty Enlightening the . . . — — Map (db m110438) HM

59 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Federal Center — Bartholdi Fountain — United States Botanic Garden — Reported permanently removed

The Bartholdi Fountain was created by Frederic Auguste Bartholdi (1834 - 1904), the French sculptor who also designed the Statue of Liberty. It was first exhibited in Philadelphia at the International Exposition of 1876. The fountain was . . . — — Map (db m186822) HM

60 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Federal Center — Bartholdi Fountain and Gardens — United States Botanic Garden —

Bartholdi Fountain and Gardens is a showcase of sustainable and accessible landscape design for the professional and home gardener. Bartholdi Gardens was renovated in 2016 using the principles of the Sustainable SITES Initiative. The gardens feature . . . — — Map (db m211425) HM

61 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Federal Center — Bartholdi Fountain and Gardens — United States Botanic Garden —

62 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Federal Center — Bartholdi Fountain and Gardens — United States Botanic Garden —

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63 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Federal Center — Bartholdi Fountain and Gardens — United States Botanic Garden —

64 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Federal Center — Bartholdi Fountain and Gardens — United States Botanic Garden —

65 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Federal Center — Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial —

General Dwight D. Eisenhower Supreme Commander Allied Expeditionary Force 1944 - 1945 Dwight D. Eisenhower 34th President of the United States 1953 - 1961

Because no man is really a man who has lost out of . . . — — Map (db m156474) HM WM

66 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Federal Center — Earth Day Park — Reported permanently removed

Welcome to Earth Day Park Earth Day Park is a living example of the United States Government’s commitment to environmentally conscious landscape design and use of renewable resources. As part of the celebration of Earth Day 1994, President . . . — — Map (db m99344) HM

67 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Federal Center — Earth Day Park — Earth Day Park Serves as a Vital Pollinator Oasis —

Earth Day Park was originally dedicated on April 22, 1996, in a culmination of efforts by the U.S. Department of Energy and U.S. General Services Administration to transform a neglected, vacant lot into a green oasis. the park's most recent . . . — — Map (db m184560) HM

68 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Federal Center — Escape Across the Potomac — Star-Spangled Banner National Historic Trail — National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior —

As war with Britain wore on, some U.S. military leaders believed the nation's capital, with its inland location and military defenses, was safe. So Washingtonians were cruelly surprised when the British invaded on August 24, 1814. As the enemy . . . — — Map (db m97215) HM

69 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Federal Center — James Wilson —

James Wilson Memorial Arch So named by the Congress, in Resolution approved by President Franklin D. Roosevelt, June 16, 1934, to honor the memory of James Wilson 1835-1920 Secretary of Agriculture 1897-1913 . . . — — Map (db m110425) HM

70 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Federal Center — Knapp Memorial Arch —

In recognition of the public service of Seaman A. Knapp in extension work for the Department of Agriculture from 1899 to 1911. — — Map (db m110421) HM

71 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Federal Center — Knapp Memorial Arch —

In recognition of the public service of Seaman A. Knapp in extension work for the Department of Agriculture from 1898 to 1911. — — Map (db m110422) HM

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72 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Federal Center — Memorial Tree Planting — April 21, 1995 — Yoshino Cherry Redbud —

In memory of the children of Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building America's Day Care Center Oklahoma City, OK — — Map (db m113225) HM

73 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Federal Center — Milford School Bell —

Dedicated November 13, 1989 as an enduring symbol of The United States Department of Education's goal to educate every American to His or her fullest potential George Herbert Walker Bush, President of the United States of America Lauro . . . — — Map (db m115930) HM

74 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Federal Center — Raoul Wallenberg Place — [Sidney R. Yates Federal Building] —

"Raoul Wallenberg's mission of mercy on behalf of the United States behind enemy lines during World War II is unprecedented in the history of mankind. He is responsible for saving tens of thousands of lives during the Holocaust. A shining light in . . . — — Map (db m39926) HM

75 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Federal Center — Sarah P. Duke Gardens — Duke University, Durham, North Carolina — Reported permanently removed

Sarah P. Duke Gardens creates and nurtures an environment in the heart of Duke University for learning, inspiration, and enjoyment through excellence in horticulture and community engagement. The 55-acre garden was first planted in 1934 as a garden . . . — — Map (db m134245) HM

76 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Federal Center — Seaman A. Knapp —

Seaman A. Knapp Memorial Arch So named by the Congress in Resolution approved by President Franklin D. Roosevelt, June 16, 1934 to honor the memory of Seaman A. Knapp 1833-1911 Founder of Farm Demonstration Work . . . — — Map (db m134589) HM

77 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Federal Center — 6 — St. Dominic Church: Community Anchor — River Farms to Urban Towers — Southwest Heritage Trail —

Behind you stands St. Dominic Church, established 1852. It anchors the city's only Dominican parish and is its sixth oldest Catholic church. St. Dominic's survived two upheavals — a fire in 1885 and the threat of urban renewal in the . . . — — Map (db m130907) HM

78 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Federal Center — The 3 kW photovoltaic (PV) system —

The 3 kW photovoltaic (PV) system, attached to the railing running alongside the large wall to your left, converts the sun's energy directly into electricity. The array will produce up to 4,500 kilowatt-hours of electricity each year, enough to run . . . — — Map (db m111485) HM

79 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Federal Center — The General Dwight David Eisenhower Plaza — United States Holocaust Memorial Museum — "Loss and Regeneration, 1993" —

Panel 1: Dedicated in gratitude to the Supreme Commander of Allied Forces in Europe, General Dwight David Eisenhower and the valiant soldiers of all Allied Armies he led into battle. Victorious in battle, they brought the Third Reich . . . — — Map (db m48459) HM

80 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Federal Center — The Oklahoma City Bombing —

In memory of the lives lost in the Oklahoma City Bombing at the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building April 19, 1995 Redbud Trees (Oklahoma State Tree) Dedicated to the memory of Steven Curry and Michael Loudenslager GSA . . . — — Map (db m115954) HM

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81 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Federal Center — The Slave Trade in Washington, DC —

"…in view from the windows of the Capitol, a sort of negro-livery stable, where droves of negroes were collected, temporarily kept, and finally taken to Southern markets …had been openly maintained for fifty years." Abraham . . . — — Map (db m129921) HM

82 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Federal Center — The Williams Slave Pen —

In 1841, Solomon Northup, a free Black man and professional musician, was drugged, kidnapped, and sold as a slave while visiting Washington, DC to attend the funeral of President William Henry Harrison. Eventually, Northup regained his freedom . . . — — Map (db m129923) HM

83 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Federal Center — U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development Oklahoma City Bombing Memorial —

In memory of: Ted Leon Allen, Diane E. Althouse, Peter R. Avillanoza, Andrea Y. Blanton, Paul G. Broxterman, David N. Burkett, Donald E. Burns, Kimberly K. Clark, Kim R. Cousins, Diana L. Day, Castine Deveroux, Susan J. Ferrell, Judy J. . . . — — Map (db m113227) HM

84 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Federal Center — Welcome to a Sustainable Landscape — Bartholdi Fountain and Gardens — United States Botanic Garden —

Bartholdi Gardens is a living demonstration of sustainable landscaping. Two goals of sustainable landscape design are to limit waste and mimic nature in the built environment. In the recent renovation of Bartholdi Gardens, much of the . . . — — Map (db m211426) HM

85 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Federal Center — Wilson Memorial Arch —

In recognition of the public service of James Wilson as Secretary for the Department of Agriculture from 1897 to 1913. — — Map (db m110424) HM

86 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Federal Center — Wilson Memorial Arch —

In recognition of the public service of James Wilson as Secretary for the Department of Agriculture from 1897 to 1913. — — Map (db m211439) HM

87 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Federal Center — Yates Building —

This building was originally constructed in 1881 for use by the Bureau of Engraving and Printing. In an effort to fireproof the building and protect it contents, only stone, brick and metal materials were used in its construction. By 1907 the . . . — — Map (db m114144) HM

88 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Waterfront — "a magnificent waterfront entranceway…" —

"a magnificent waterfront entranceway…" Pierre Charles L'Enfant architect of the Nation's Capital City, describing the Southwest Waterfront to President George Washington

Situated at the confluence of the Potomac and . . . — — Map (db m109326) HM

89 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Waterfront — 20th Anniversary of ADA July 24, 2010 — Southwest DC Honors Justin Dart, Jr. and the Americans With Disabilities Act —

Justin Dart Jr. moved to Southwest Washington to work for the passage of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). As an energetic neighbor rushing through the lobby in his wheelchair, his Southwest DC neighbors fondly remember Justin. Never . . . — — Map (db m142878) HM

90 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Waterfront — 4 — A Mixing Bowl — River Farms to Urban Towers — Southwest Heritage Trail —

Al Jolson, star of the first "talking" movie, The Jazz Singer, grew up as Asa Yoelson at 713 4½ Street (once near this sign). The Yoelsons arrived from Lithuania in 1880. Asa's father Rabbi Moses Yoelson served as cantor and . . . — — Map (db m130905) HM

91 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Waterfront — Abraham Lincoln —

During the Civil War, President Lincoln greeted troops upon arriving at the Southwest Waterfront, including Union Soldiers on their way to Fort Stevens to defend Washington from a Confederate Attack. — — Map (db m183749) HM

92 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Waterfront — ADA: Landmark Declaration of Equality for Americans with Disabilities — Reported damaged

“More than two decades ago many of us in the disability community concluded that Americans with disabilities would never achieve full, productive citizenship and this nation made a firm statement of law protecting their civil rights. The . . . — — Map (db m142877) HM

93 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Waterfront — African-American History in Southwest —

The Southwest Waterfront’s history is closely tied to African-American history. Leading up to the Civil War many people of color—those still enslaved as well as some freed individuals—lived and worked here, and some helped build the original . . . — — Map (db m109580) HM

94 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Waterfront — 11 — All Aboard! — River Farms to Urban Towers — Southwest Heritage Trail — Reported missing

Before bridges spanned the Potomac, ferry boats took people and goods across the river. You could ride to Alexandria from Greenleaf’s Point (now Fort McNair), or between the landings where today’s 14th Street Bridge touches ground. Sailboats . . . — — Map (db m130910) HM

95 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Waterfront — American Ice Company —

One of a number of landmark businesses that imbued the Southwest Waterfront with Industrial character, bustling with commerce, and a frenzy of activity in the 19th century. — — Map (db m112423) HM

96 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Waterfront — America's Oldest Operating Fish Market —

The Maine Avenue Fish Market is the oldest continuously operating open-air fish market in the United States. When it opened in 1805, Washington was the center of the local fish and oyster trade. In the 1900s, it was known for the “jolly fish . . . — — Map (db m109723) HM

97 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Waterfront — Annual Oyster Derby —

Watermen from Maryland and Virginia once raced to the Southwest Waterfront with their oyster hauls and celebrated victory near the Lunch Room (built circa 1916-1918) and Oyster Shucking Shed (built circa 1930). — — Map (db m130964) HM

98 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Waterfront — 8 — Banneker Circle: Vista to the Past — River Farms to Urban Towers — Southwest Heritage Trail —

This high ground serves as a monument to Benjamin Banneker, the free African American who charted the stars for the first survey of Washington, DC. Banneker was 60 years old when he hired on to assist surveyor Andrew Ellicott. A tobacco . . . — — Map (db m130909) HM

99 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Waterfront — Barney House — 470 N Street Southwest —

This property has been placed on the National Register of Historic Places by the United States Department of the Interior Circa 1794 — — Map (db m100743) HM

100 ► District of Columbia, Washington, Southwest Washington, Southwest Waterfront — Benjamin Banneker Park — National Mall and Memorial Parks, Washington, D.C. — National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior —

“… it is the indispensable duty of those, who maintain for themselves the rights of human nature, ... to extend their power and influence to the relief of every part of the human race...” Benjamin Banneker, . . . — — Map (db m130604) HM

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